What are Floods?
Floods occur when water covers land which is normally dry. They may result from prolonged or very heavy rainfall, severe thunderstorms, monsoonal (wet season) rains in the tropics, or tropical cyclones. Other, less common causes include snow-melt, dam failure, or storm surge and tsunami - both involving rapid seawater flooding.
People who live near rivers, or in low-lying coastal areas, live with the greatest threat of floods. Periods of heavy rain, not necessarily in their area, can lead to rises in the water level of streams and rivers to a point where channels can no longer hold the volume of water. Alternatively, for some coastal dwellers, there is the threat from the sea as mentioned above.
Flood Survival and Property Protection
Many communities now have flood prevention or reduction strategies such as: restricting or not approving flood plain development; use of dams, diversions and levees; and building-raising or flood-proofing.
As an individual, if your area is subject to flooding, the following advice could save your property or life. Please ensure that you and your family understand and heed it: Know Your Local Flood History
Ask your local council or State or Territory Emergency Service about the following:
What the terms major, moderate and minor flooding mean to your area and at what official river height your home becomes isolated or inundated.
Local flood plans: whether you may need to evacuate; how to find the nearest safe location.
Emergency Kit - Check List (for use during and after a flood)
- A portable radio and torch with fresh batteries, candles and water-proof matches.
- Reasonable stocks of fresh water and tinned food, strong shoes and rubber gloves.
- A first aid kit and basic first aid knowledge and good supplies of essential medication.
- A water-proof bag for clothing and valuables and your emergency contact numbers.
Act on Flood Warnings
- Listen to your local radio for information. Check that your neighbours know of the warning.
- Stack your furniture and possessions above likely flood-level, (on beds etc. and in the roof) with electrical equipment on top. Secure heavy objects that could float and cause damage. Move garbage, chemicals, poisons, fuel etc. to a high, secure place.
- Protect or relocate stock and equipment in commercial and industrial premises.
- If on a farm, move livestock to high ground.
- Check your car, fill it with fuel and check your emergency kit and fresh water stocks.
